ABSTRACT
Captures of the coffee berry borer (CBB) Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) were assessed in traps in the field. IAPAR designed traps [plastic bottles (2 L) lured with methanol:ethanol (1:1) in a vessel] were placed either at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5m high from the ground or simultaneously tested in the 2004 fructification season. Traps placed at the three heights trapped 5.5 times more CBB than the others, mostly at the traps placed at 0.5 m (75 percent). Treatments using the IAPAR designed trap placed at 1.2 m high; IAPAR trap with a white plastic plate above (IAPAR modified I) at 1.2 m high; IAPAR at 0.5 m high and two additional vessels at 1.0 and 1.5m high (IAPAR modified II) and T-163 trap [three red plastic cups (300 ml) and a red plastic plate as a cover] lured with M:E (1:1) at 1.2m height were compared in the vegetative (2005) and fructification (2006) periods. IAPAR modified II (dispenser vessels placed at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m) trapped more beetles than the remaining types (2.72 times more beetles than IAPAR design); and IAPAR modified I traps trapped more beetles than T 163 and IAPAR traps in the vegetative period. In the reproductive period, IAPAR modified II trapped less beetles than IAPAR and IAPAR modified I. In 2007 vegetative season, IAPAR modified II trap were compared with IAPAR trap and trapped 2.8 times more beetles. The positive responses to a vertical distribution of the volatile attractants in the vegetative period of the planting allow the development of more efficient trapping systems for CBB.
Subject(s)
Animals , Coleoptera , Behavior, Animal , Ethanol , Entomology/methods , MethanolABSTRACT
Relata-se pela primeira vez a ocorrência de Diabrotica speciosa (Germar.) danificando cachos em florescimento em pomares de videira no Noroeste do estado do Paraná. Em meados de setembro de 2000, os insetos foram verificados alimentado-se dos estiletes, estigmas e eventualmente de porções do ovário. Foram observados até 15 adultos por cacho. A alimentação nos estigmas determinou abortamento de flores. Em áreas com altas populações, os cachos formados apresentaram baixo número de bagas, não se prestando à comercialização.
We report for the first time the occurrence of Diabrotica speciosa (Ger.) damaging blooming clusters in grapevine orchards in Northwest Paraná State. On middle September, 2000, insects were found feeding on style, stigma and eventually on ovary. Up to 15 adults per cluster were observed. Insects feeding on stigma caused flowers aborting. In high population areas, clusters showed low number of fruits and were out of market standards.
ABSTRACT
As respostas de Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) para armadilhas com adultos foram estudadas como sugestão da produção de feromônio. Inicialmente, um ensaio para estabelecer a altura adequada para colocação de armadilhas para capturar D. speciosa foi conduzido em campo de feijão. Armadilhas colocadas a 0,25 m de altura capturaram cerca de 3,5 vezes mais adultos do que a 0,5; 0,75 e 1,0 m. As respostas para fêmeas e machos virgens de duas idades (mais novos = 24 a 72h e mais velhos = 72 a 120h após emergência de adultos), fêmeas e machos copulados foram avaliadas em campo de feijão consorciado com café, Coffea arabica L. Armadilhas com fêmeas virgens capturaram cerca de 22 (mais jovens) e 13 vezes (mais velhas) mais adultos machos do que as testemunhas (armadilhas sem insetos). Capturas foram cerca de 70 por cento mais efetivas usando fêmeas mais jovens. Nenhum dos outros tratamentos aumentou as capturas nas armadilhas. Os resultados indicam que há um feromônio sexual produzido por fêmeas em D. speciosa.
The field responses of Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) to traps baited with adults were studied as an suggestion of the pheromone production. Firstly, an assay to settle a suitable height placement to capture D. speciosa was carried out in common beans, Phaseolus vulgaris L., field. Traps placed at 0.25-m height captured ca. 3.5 times more beetles than 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0-m traps. The responses to virgin females and males of two ages (younger = 24 to 72h and older = 72 to 120h after adult emergence), mated females and males were assessed in common bean interplanted among coffee, Coffea arabica L., field. Virgin females baited traps captured ca. 22 times (younger) and 13 times (older females) more male beetles than control traps. Captures were ca. 70 percent more effective using younger females. None of the other treatments improved trap attraction. These results strongly indicated that there is a female-produced sexual pheromone in D. speciosa.